Protected areas in Kenya constitute 7% of the total land area with over 75% of wildlife in the country being found on private or communal land. Facing a range of development challenges with limited resources, one of the greatest challenge in Kenya is sustaining economic development with biodiversity conservation. Covering three categories of protected areas under different governance types and management objectives (government, community and private), the research examined the general issues of how local communities in Kenya have embraced different biodiversity conservation strategies and whether support for a particular conservation strategy is primarily a function of their experiences with biodiversity decline or their relationship with the conservation authorities. The findings suggest that local people appreciate the role of protected areas in conserving biodiversity and its values, but with some resentment towards some management activities of the protected area regulators. Negative attitudes were attributed to perceived problems of living next to the protected areas while support for the management activities was associated with perceived benefits to the local people.

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Dr. Stanley Makindi, a Researcher and Consultant in Environmental conservation and Management, holds a BSc.and MSc. in Natural Resources Management (Egerton University, Kenya), PhD. in Environmental Science (University of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa) and professional certificate in Sustainable Resource Management (University of the Ryukyus, Japan.