In 1967, C.L.R. James, the much-celebrated Afro-Trinidadian Marxist, stated that he knew of no figure in history who had such tremendous influence on such widely separated spheres of humanity within a few years of his death as the eighteenth-century philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. While this impact was most pronounced in revolutionary politics inspired by political theories that rejected basing political authority in monarchy, aristocracy, and the Church, it extended to European literature, to philosophies of education, and the articulation of the social sciences. But what particularly struck James about Rousseau was the strong resonance of his work in Caribbean thought and politics.

This volume illuminates these resonances by advancing a creolizing method of reading Rousseau that couples figures not typically engaged together, to create conversations among people of seemingly divided worlds in fact entangled by colonizing projects and histories. Doing this enables us to grapple with the meaning of creolization and the full range of Rousseaus legacies not only in contemporary Western Europe and the United States, but in the Francophone colonies, territories, and larger Global South.

Jane Anna Gordon is associate professor of political science and Africana Studies at University of Connecticut and President of the Caribbean Philosophical Association. Her books includeWhy They Couldnt Wait: A Critique of the Black-Jewish Conflict Over Community Control in Ocean-Hill Brownsville, 19671971 (2001),Of Divine Warning: Reading Disaster in the Modern Age (2010) andCreolizing Political Theory: Reading Rousseau through Fanon (2014).

Neil Roberts is associate professor of Africana studies and faculty affiliate in political science at Williams College and an executive officer of the Caribbean Philosophical Association. He is the author ofFreedom as Marronage (2015) and editor of the forthcomingA Political Companion to Frederick Douglass.

Contributors
Chiji Akma, Associate Professor of English, Villanova University; Carolyn Fluehr-Lobban, Professor Emerita of Anthropology and Education, Rhode Island College; Jane Anna Gordon, Associate Professor of Political Science and Africana Studies, University of Connecticut; Paget Henry, Professor of Sociology and Africana Studies, Brown University; Charles W. Mills, John Evans Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy, Northwestern University; Nelson Maldonado-Torres, Associate Professor and Chair of the Department of Latino and Hispanic Caribbean Studies, Rutgers University; Alexis Nouss, Professor of Comparative Literature, Aix-Marseille University; Mickaella Perina, Associate Professor of Philosophy, University of Massachusetts, Boston; Nalini Persram, Associate Professor of Social Science, York University; Neil Roberts, Associate Professor of Africana Studies and Political Science, Williams College; Sally J. Scholz, Professor of Philosophy, Villanova University

Introduction: The Project of Creolizing RousseauJane Anna Gordon and Neil Roberts / 1. Comparative Political Theory, Creolization, and Reading Rousseau through FanonJane Anna Gordon/ 2. Between Mestiçagem and Cosmopolitanism: Toward a New Social ArithmeticAlexis Nouss / 3. Beyond Négritude and Créolité: On Creolizing the Citizenship ContractMickaella Perina / 4. Anténor Firmin, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Racial InequalityCarolyn Fluehr-Lobban/ 5. Rousseau and Fanon on Inequality and the Human SciencesNelson Maldonado-Torres/ 6. C.L.R. James, Political Philosophy, and the Creolizing of Rousseau and MarxPaget Henry/ 7. Rousseau, the Masters Tools, and Anti-Contractarian ContractarianismCharles W. Mills/ 8. Rousseau, Flight, and the Fall into SlaveryNeil Roberts / 9. Pacha Mama, Rousseau, and the Femini: How Nature Can Revive PoliticsNalini Persram/ 10. Virtuous Bacchanalia: Creolizing Rousseaus FestivalChiji Akoma and Sally Scholz/ Bibliography /Authors / Index